Observed decision problem
Product residue, water ingress, wrong valve routing, sensor coating, poor mixing, trapped volume or shared return timing can distort the endpoint signal. Follow the disturbance upstream and downstream through preparation, treatment, buffer, filler, closure, inspection, conveyors, packing and utilities. Synchronize clocks and include starts, short stops, speed changes, material replenishment, cleaning, maintenance and operator interventions. Review startup, steady production, short stops, restart, low or high demand, format or recipe change, cleaning and shutdown. The interface must protect both the incoming condition and the requirement of the next module.